- Anthropology, Archaeology, Cultural Anthropology, Zooarchaeology, Archaeometry, Lithic Technology, and 26 moreTaphonomy, Lithics, Neanderthals (Palaeolithic Archaeology), Paleolithic Europe, Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition, Bone and Antler, Mousterian, Early Upper Paleolithic technocomplex (Archaeology), Middle Paleolithic, Bone Technology (Archaeology), Residue and Use-Wear Analysis, 3D Scan modelling & Analysis, Archaeology and Anthropology, Prehistory, Prehistoric Technology, Middle Palaeolithic, Bone Tools, Neandertals, Cantabrian Palaeolithic, Experimental Archaeology, Palaeolithic Archaeology, Russia, Human evolutionary genetics, Traceology, Flintknapping, and Archaeological Site Formation Processesedit
- My PhD was about Upper Pleistocene Neanderthal societies and economies, focused on the study of bone tools and the an... moreMy PhD was about Upper Pleistocene Neanderthal societies and economies, focused on the study of bone tools and the antropic use of hard tissues like antler, bone and teeth. More recently, I've been working in Neolithic bone tools, specially on funerary contexts. As a technician of the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology I deal with archaeological field work, artifact databases, 3D scanning & modelling and 3D photogrammetry. I'm also trained in use-wear analisys with optic microscopy (both low and high magnification devices). For many years, I’ve been working also in science dissemination. I’ve worked via blogs, social media, direct actions and with my participation in projects from science dissemination institutions like FECYT.edit
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Patricia Martín Rodríguez, Millán Mozota
Ganaderos neolíticos en el Pirineo
Monografies del MAC 2, Barcelona 2018,
ISBN: 978-84-393-9811-0 (PÀG. 225-233)
Ganaderos neolíticos en el Pirineo
Monografies del MAC 2, Barcelona 2018,
ISBN: 978-84-393-9811-0 (PÀG. 225-233)
Research Interests:
Gerard Remolins, Juan F. Gibaja, María Fontanals, Patricia Martín, Alba Masclans, Niccolo Mazzuco, Millán Mozota, Francisco Javier Santos, Xavier Terradas, Xavier Oms, Mònica Oliva, Stéphanie Duboscq, M. Eulàlia Subirà, Xavier Llovera Les... more
Gerard Remolins, Juan F. Gibaja, María Fontanals, Patricia Martín, Alba Masclans, Niccolo Mazzuco, Millán Mozota, Francisco Javier Santos, Xavier Terradas, Xavier Oms, Mònica Oliva, Stéphanie Duboscq, M. Eulàlia Subirà, Xavier Llovera
Les sepultures de la Feixa del Moro
Monografies del MAC 2, Barcelona 2018,
ISBN: 978-84-393-9811-0 (PÀG. 185-195)
Les sepultures de la Feixa del Moro
Monografies del MAC 2, Barcelona 2018,
ISBN: 978-84-393-9811-0 (PÀG. 185-195)
Research Interests:
En este trabajo abordamos el estudio del utillaje óseo desde un punto de vista funcional, a partir de la obtención y uso de una serie de utensilios experimentales (punzones y espátulas). Dichos materiales forman una creciente colección de... more
En este trabajo abordamos el estudio del utillaje óseo desde un punto de vista funcional, a partir de la obtención y uso de una serie de utensilios experimentales (punzones y espátulas). Dichos materiales forman una creciente colección de referencia funcional y se utilizan en el análisis de utillaje procedente de varios yacimientos neolíticos del Noreste de la Península Ibérica. Nuestro objetivo es contrastar las hipótesis que hemos formulado sobre los materiales arqueológicos, mediante la comprobación de los datos de forma empírica, gracias a la experimentación. Este tipo de estudios están dirigidos a entender mejor el papel funcional y técnico del utillaje óseo.
In this paper we study the bone tools from a functional point of view, through the collection and use of a series of experimental tools (awls and spatulas). These materials form a growing functional reference library, and are used in the analysis of tools from several Neolithic sites in the N-E of the Iberian Peninsula. Our aim is to test the hypotheses we have made on archaeological materials, by checking the data empirically through experimentation. Such studies are aimed to better understand the functional and technical paper bone tools.
In this paper we study the bone tools from a functional point of view, through the collection and use of a series of experimental tools (awls and spatulas). These materials form a growing functional reference library, and are used in the analysis of tools from several Neolithic sites in the N-E of the Iberian Peninsula. Our aim is to test the hypotheses we have made on archaeological materials, by checking the data empirically through experimentation. Such studies are aimed to better understand the functional and technical paper bone tools.
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The lakeshore settlement of ‘La Marmotta’ represents one of the earliest evidence for seafaring farmers in Italy (ca. 5900-5600 cal BC) and one of the earliest wetland sites of the entire Central Mediterranean Basin. The site is unique... more
The lakeshore settlement of ‘La Marmotta’ represents one of the earliest evidence for seafaring farmers in Italy (ca. 5900-5600 cal BC) and one of the earliest wetland sites of the entire Central Mediterranean Basin. The site is unique for the richness and variety of organic materials preserved (i.e. foodstuff, wood and plant crafts, house remains, pirogues, etc.), especially if compared with the rest of Early Neolithic sites in the Italian Peninsula. Nevertheless, due to several reasons, the site has still been little integrated within the debate on the Neolithization process. How can the huge amount of data obtained from ‘La Marmotta’ be transposed to the surroundings, contemporaneous, dryland sites? This is a compelling challenge, especially considering that often no comparable records exist in sites characterized by drier preservation conditions. In this presentation we will focus on the lithic assemblage and on the several wooden sickles recovered from this site. The integration of both records can help us understanding the harvesting techniques adopted during Early Neolithic and provide a fundamental reference for the rest of Impressed Ware sites of the Central and Western Mediterranean.
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La parte descriptiva de este trabajo se basa en un resumen de los dos trabajos que Imma Guitart Perarnau (1987, 1988)1 efectuó en relación a la necrópolis del Pla del Riu de les Marcetes: - Un artículo presentado en Tribuna d’Arqueologia... more
La parte descriptiva de este trabajo se basa en un resumen de los dos trabajos que Imma Guitart Perarnau (1987, 1988)1 efectuó en relación a la necrópolis del Pla del Riu de les Marcetes:
- Un artículo presentado en Tribuna d’Arqueologia y publicado en 1987, con el título: «La necrópolis neolítica del Pla del Riu de Les Marcetes (Manresa, Bages)».
- Memòria d’excavacións de la necrópolis neolítica del Pla del Riu (Les Marcetes, Bages). Presentada en 1988 en el Departament de Cultura i Mitjans de Comunicació de la Direcció General del Patrimoni Cultura [En línea] <http://calaix.gencat.cat/bitstream/handle/10687/8440/qmem237_web.pdf?sequence=2> [Consulta: 11 de marzo de 2018].
Por ello, los lectores deben acudir a tales obras para consultar con mayor profundidad los detalles referidos a este yacimiento. En nuestro caso, haremos una descripción general de los enterramientos y de los materiales documentados como ajuar. El estudio antropológico realizado por el Dr. Lluis Guerrero (1988) se encuentra adjunto en la memoria anteriormente citada. En el marco del proyecto que estamos dirigiendo, El Pla del Riu de les Marcetes era uno de los yacimientos de obligado estudio por varios motivos: era una excavación relativamente reciente, había una buena documentación, gracias especialmente al hecho de existir una memoria de excavación, se habían realizado los análisis antropológicos y el material estaba bien conservado. Sin embargo, siendo para nosotros y otros investigadores un referente continuo en nuestras publicaciones (Gibaja 2003, 2004; Gibaja et al., 2010), era una de esas necrópolis prácticamente olvidadas. Tanto es así, que cuando requerimos al Museu de Manresa, y en concreto a su director Francesc Vila, el poder estudiar los materiales de esta necrópolis, su sorpresa fue enorme, puesto que desde su depósito en el Museu nadie había solicitado su consulta.
En este capítulo dedicado al Pla del Riu de les Marcetes queremos de alguna manera reivindicar su importancia en el marco de los contextos funerarios de este periodo. El grupo de investigadores que estuvimos trabajando los materiales de este yacimiento presentamos en las próximas páginas los resultados de nuestros estudios.
- Un artículo presentado en Tribuna d’Arqueologia y publicado en 1987, con el título: «La necrópolis neolítica del Pla del Riu de Les Marcetes (Manresa, Bages)».
- Memòria d’excavacións de la necrópolis neolítica del Pla del Riu (Les Marcetes, Bages). Presentada en 1988 en el Departament de Cultura i Mitjans de Comunicació de la Direcció General del Patrimoni Cultura [En línea] <http://calaix.gencat.cat/bitstream/handle/10687/8440/qmem237_web.pdf?sequence=2> [Consulta: 11 de marzo de 2018].
Por ello, los lectores deben acudir a tales obras para consultar con mayor profundidad los detalles referidos a este yacimiento. En nuestro caso, haremos una descripción general de los enterramientos y de los materiales documentados como ajuar. El estudio antropológico realizado por el Dr. Lluis Guerrero (1988) se encuentra adjunto en la memoria anteriormente citada. En el marco del proyecto que estamos dirigiendo, El Pla del Riu de les Marcetes era uno de los yacimientos de obligado estudio por varios motivos: era una excavación relativamente reciente, había una buena documentación, gracias especialmente al hecho de existir una memoria de excavación, se habían realizado los análisis antropológicos y el material estaba bien conservado. Sin embargo, siendo para nosotros y otros investigadores un referente continuo en nuestras publicaciones (Gibaja 2003, 2004; Gibaja et al., 2010), era una de esas necrópolis prácticamente olvidadas. Tanto es así, que cuando requerimos al Museu de Manresa, y en concreto a su director Francesc Vila, el poder estudiar los materiales de esta necrópolis, su sorpresa fue enorme, puesto que desde su depósito en el Museu nadie había solicitado su consulta.
En este capítulo dedicado al Pla del Riu de les Marcetes queremos de alguna manera reivindicar su importancia en el marco de los contextos funerarios de este periodo. El grupo de investigadores que estuvimos trabajando los materiales de este yacimiento presentamos en las próximas páginas los resultados de nuestros estudios.
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One of the elements that defines the so-called "Pit Burial Horizon" is the presence within certain burials of a set of tools and ornaments which were made of exogenous materials or which their acquisition and processing required an... more
One of the elements that defines the so-called "Pit Burial Horizon" is the presence within certain burials of a set of tools and ornaments which were made of exogenous materials or which their acquisition and processing required an enormous investment effort Chronologically, we stand at end of the 5th and beginning of the 4th millennium cat. BC, a period that stands out due to the relevance of its funerary structures, usually burial chambers containing a single individual.
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Short text for exposition catalogue about La Draga site.
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La Draga is a lakeside settlement located in Banyoles, Catalonia. The site has yielded evidence of two phases of occupation, both dated in the Early Neolithic (5300-4900 cal BC). The oldest one has remained below the water table since... more
La Draga is a lakeside settlement located in Banyoles, Catalonia. The site has yielded evidence of two phases of occupation, both dated in the Early Neolithic (5300-4900 cal BC). The oldest one has remained below the water table since Neolithic era, favouring the preservation of organic material. A large number of exceptionally well preserved bone and wood artefacts has been recovered thanks to the excellent preservation conditions of this site. Some of these artefacts such as bone awls, combs and spindles-like needdles made of box-wood, are similar to those used by modern societies for weaving and spinning as part of textile production. An experimental program has been developed with the aim of reproducing these tools and using them in order to verify their functionality.
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El presente trabajo se sustenta especialmente en la monografía que sobre los yacimientos del Puig d’en Roca y Sant Julià de Ramis publicaron en 1980 Francesc Riuró y Miquel Fusté en la Associació Arqueològica de Girona. En este catálogo... more
El presente trabajo se sustenta especialmente en la monografía que sobre los yacimientos del Puig d’en Roca y Sant Julià de Ramis publicaron en 1980 Francesc Riuró y Miquel Fusté en la Associació Arqueològica de Girona. En este catálogo mostramos los datos arqueológicos más relevantes. Los aspectos más específicos
relacionados con su descubrimiento, quién llevó la gestión inicial de los yacimientos, etc., pueden consultarse en dicho monográfico.En el marco del proyecto de investigación que estamos llevando a cabo, hemos realizado una serie de estudios y análisis cuyos resultados mostraremos a continuación. Acompañaremos la descripción de las tumbas y de los materiales con las fotografías que nosotros hemos realizado en el Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya (sede Girona). Tales fotos se complementan con los magníficos dibujos que en su momento ya publicaron F. Riuró y M. Fusté en la citada monografía.
relacionados con su descubrimiento, quién llevó la gestión inicial de los yacimientos, etc., pueden consultarse en dicho monográfico.En el marco del proyecto de investigación que estamos llevando a cabo, hemos realizado una serie de estudios y análisis cuyos resultados mostraremos a continuación. Acompañaremos la descripción de las tumbas y de los materiales con las fotografías que nosotros hemos realizado en el Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya (sede Girona). Tales fotos se complementan con los magníficos dibujos que en su momento ya publicaron F. Riuró y M. Fusté en la citada monografía.
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Siguiendo la monografía que publicaron Francesc Riuró y Miquel Fusté en 1980 en la Associació Arqueològica de Girona sobre los yacimientos del Puig d’en Roca y Sant Julià de Ramis, hemos realizado el presente capítulo dedicado a la... more
Siguiendo la monografía que publicaron Francesc Riuró y Miquel Fusté en 1980 en la Associació Arqueològica de Girona sobre los yacimientos del Puig d’en Roca y Sant Julià de Ramis, hemos realizado el presente capítulo dedicado a la necrópolis del Puig d’en Roca.
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We present the results of an experimental program designed for studying the tools found in Middle Neolithic funerary contexts in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The program addressed the manufacture and use of awls and spatulas... more
We present the results of an experimental program designed for studying the tools found in Middle Neolithic funerary contexts in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The program addressed the manufacture and use of awls and spatulas made from goat metapods, and their analysis and documentation. It sheds light on significant aspects of the bone tool assemblages placed in the graves of the " Pit Burial Culture ". We present preliminary findings from Middle Neolithic necropolis in Catalonia, northwestern Iberia. Despite the heavy disturbance (due to natural processes but also consolidation, restoration and storage) we were able to determine the manufacturing process for these materials, as well as the use of some tools. Moreover, in some cases we found that the materials were not used, or were refitted before being deposited in the graves.
Citation: MOZOTA, M., PALOMO, A., CLEMENTE, I., GIBAJA, J. F. (2017 in press): "Experimental program: Neolithic awls and spatulas". In "Playing with the time. Experimental archeology and the study of the past", Rodrigo Alonso, David Canales, Javier Baena (Eds.), Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 2017 in press.
Citation: MOZOTA, M., PALOMO, A., CLEMENTE, I., GIBAJA, J. F. (2017 in press): "Experimental program: Neolithic awls and spatulas". In "Playing with the time. Experimental archeology and the study of the past", Rodrigo Alonso, David Canales, Javier Baena (Eds.), Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 2017 in press.
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In this paper, we present the latest results and current on-going analysis of the Neolithic grave godos associated with the communities that lived in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula between the 5th and 4th millennia cal BC. Aspects... more
In this paper, we present the latest results and current on-going analysis of the Neolithic grave godos associated with the communities that lived in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula between the 5th and 4th millennia cal BC. Aspects such as raw materials, tool morphologies, artefact distributions, production techniques and the degree of tool degree are addressed from a multidisciplinary point of view.
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Funerary structures recorded in Catalonia from the end of the 5th to the middle of the 4th millennia most often consist of inhumations of a single individual accompanied by various grave goods. Though animal remains and objects made from... more
Funerary structures recorded in Catalonia from the end of the 5th to the middle of the 4th millennia most often consist of inhumations of a single individual accompanied by various grave goods. Though animal remains and objects made from them are not especially abundant, the large number of excavated funerary structures has provided vertebrate faunal assemblages that enable us to make updated observations. In this paper, we present a compilation of these elements, employing data from the literature, as well as data obtained by our own studies. These animal materials consist of tools and ornamental objects. Complete animal burials and partial elements of these animals (especially from domestic species) were also recorded.
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Until now, a comprehensive study of the entire toolkit used for pottery production has been never attempted. In this paper, we present the first results of an ongoing study focused on both the experimental replication and the analysis of... more
Until now, a comprehensive study of the entire toolkit used for pottery production has been never attempted. In this paper, we present the first results of an ongoing study focused on both the experimental replication and the analysis of the archaeological materials used for pottery production and repairing from a series of Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula.
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The archaeological survey and intervention on the Ca l’Arnella site were motivated by the construction works of the Martorell-Figueres pipeline, and led to the finding and excavation of two funerary hypogeal with individual burials from... more
The archaeological survey and intervention on the Ca l’Arnella site were motivated by the construction works of the Martorell-Figueres pipeline, and led to the finding and excavation of two funerary hypogeal with individual burials from the Middle Neolithic. The structures, buried individuals and materials are studied in this article. A geometric flint implement found near the lumbar vertebrae may have been originally inside the body and shows typical stigma of projectile use. This could be one of the scarce pieces of evidences for violence during this period.
The analysis of archaeological data provided several lines of evidence supporting this possibility.
The analysis of archaeological data provided several lines of evidence supporting this possibility.
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This paper presents the preliminary results of the excavation of the Valmayor XI rock shelter, in the context of the research project ‘The pathways of the Neolithic’. Through the analysis of the radiocarbon dates and a detailed... more
This paper presents the preliminary results of the excavation of the Valmayor XI rock shelter, in the context of the research project ‘The pathways of the Neolithic’. Through the analysis of the radiocarbon dates and a detailed stratigraphic interpretation three occupations have been established with chronologies within different periods of the vith millennium cal bc. A general description of the archaeological events documented in each phase, and of most of the recovered material –pottery, lithic artefacts, bone industry and ornaments, faunal and carpological remains– is offered. Moreover, in the light of the new dates presented, a review of the Neolithisation process in the Lower Aragón region, and also in the Ebro valley, is proposed. Also the identification of archaeological sites as Neolithic ones only on the basis of the presence of some elements considered as ‘Neolithic markers’, without any consideration of the subsistence strategies or territorial exploitation, is questioned.
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This paper presents a critical review of the experimental works with bone retouchers that have been pub lished since the beginning of research about this type of tool. The aim of this review is not the recollection of references per se,... more
This paper presents a critical review of the experimental works with bone retouchers that have been pub lished since the beginning of research about this type of tool. The aim of this review is not the recollection of references per se, but a critical evaluation of different studies. This critical synthesis will show where we are today from a theoretical and methodological point of view. A number of ideas on how to improve and expand the scientific research about retouchers will be proposed together with a range of open archaeolo gical and experimental issues, which can be addressed by the research community in the years ahead.
Citation: MOZOTA, M. (2017 in press): "Experimental programmes with retouchers: Where do we stand and where do we go now?". In Hutson, J.M., García-Moreno, A., Turner, E., Villaluenga, A., Gaudzinski-Windheuser, S. (Eds.), 2017. The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies. Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz.
Citation: MOZOTA, M. (2017 in press): "Experimental programmes with retouchers: Where do we stand and where do we go now?". In Hutson, J.M., García-Moreno, A., Turner, E., Villaluenga, A., Gaudzinski-Windheuser, S. (Eds.), 2017. The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies. Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz.
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In this paper, we analyze four assemblages of bone retouchers that were collected on an equal number of Mousterian sites located in northern Iberia: Peña Miel (La Rioja), Covalejos (Cantabria), Morín (Cantabria) and Prado Vargas (Burgos).... more
In this paper, we analyze four assemblages of bone retouchers that were collected on an equal number of Mousterian sites located in northern Iberia: Peña Miel (La Rioja), Covalejos (Cantabria), Morín (Cantabria) and Prado Vargas (Burgos). From the analysis of 260 bone retouchers, the results of a study covering taphonomical, morphometrics and use-wear approaches are presented. We study all the archaeological materials from both a quantitative and qualitative perspective, but we do not limit our inferential tools to archaeological artifacts: our technical analysis is also based on an extended experimental program that comprised 177 experiments of retouch. The ultimate goal of our holistic approach is to understand the retouchers’ role within the subsistence systems of the neanderthals. The study, together with the contextual archaeological information, allows us to explain how the bone retouchers integrate with various productive areas of neanderthal economy. We can confirm that these tools become key pieces of economic management, bridging different subsistence areas. In particular, the retouchers highlight a bridge between two key areas: the collection and management of animal resources, and the management of mineral resources (stone tools). Then, while retouchers are not very elaborated tools, they cannot be considered "fortune" or adhoc tools, because the strategies for the production and management of these valuable bone implements are not improvised or left to chance. They respond to a series of criteria that are common to the different studied assemblages. These shared features suggest a structural similarity between the groups when configuring the management of their tools. But at the same time, at least two aspects of variability were found: (1) a flexibility in the performed tasks, which probably has to do with the specific demands of lithic retouch; and (2) some diversity in how to maintain and refit the bone tools, which may be related to cultural practices or traditions of the groups.
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Here I present two experimental programs, which are in different stages of development. The first item is an already finished experimental program about the collection and use of retouching tools made on macro mammal diaphyseal fragments.... more
Here I present two experimental programs, which are in different stages of development. The first item is an already finished experimental program about the collection and use of retouching tools made on macro mammal diaphyseal fragments. The second is an ongoing program on the use of unmodified bone diaphyseal fragments to work hide and wood. Both programs are directly related to the archaeological evidence found in a series of Middle Palaeolithic sites in the North of the Iberian Peninsula.
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We present an experimental program about the collection and use of retouching tools made on macromammal diaphyseal fragments. It stems from the need of studying a number of ensembles of bone tools from mousterian deposits of the central... more
We present an experimental program about the collection and use of retouching tools made on macromammal diaphyseal fragments. It stems from the need of studying a number of ensembles of bone tools from mousterian deposits of the central sector of the NW of the Iberian Peninsula. It is suggested as a methodological tool for the understanding of the technical and technological role of bone tools in Middle Palaeolithic.
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Note: THIS PAPER IS OPEN ACCESS NOW. The present work presents the results of 38 experiments of bone fragmentation and blank collection, together with 177 experiments of retouch. In the first series of experiments, the fragmentation step... more
Note: THIS PAPER IS OPEN ACCESS NOW. The present work presents the results of 38 experiments of bone fragmentation and blank collection, together with 177 experiments of retouch. In the first series of experiments, the fragmentation step was executed by massive percussion using macro-lithic tools. The goal was to study the fragmentation stigmas and the traits of products and by-products. In the retouching experiments, the bone blanks were used to retouch flint and quartzite, and the goal was to study the formation and development of use traces.
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This paper presents the analysis of 150 retouching tools. They are diaphisis bone splinters from the long limb bones of ungulates. They were found in level “D” at Axlor (Dima, Vizcaya), which corresponds to the last stages of Mousterian... more
This paper presents the analysis of 150 retouching tools. They are diaphisis bone splinters from the long limb bones of ungulates. They were found in level “D” at Axlor (Dima, Vizcaya), which corresponds to the last stages of Mousterian period (about 44000 BP). This level contains an abundance of Quina-type side scrapers. The study combines different approaches (taphonomy, technology, traceology and experimentation) within an structure of operational sequence analysis. The role of “sparsely elaborated” tools in neanderthals disability models, and their informative potential about Middle Palaeolithic societies, are discused.
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I present a critical review of the evidence on bone tools from Lower and Middle Paleolithic in Europe, and also on the so-called “less elaborated” tools from Upper Paleolithic and recent Prehistory. Such review and its results produce a... more
I present a critical review of the evidence on bone tools from Lower and Middle Paleolithic in Europe, and also on the so-called “less elaborated” tools from Upper Paleolithic and recent Prehistory. Such review and its results produce a number of relevant considerations to explain the appearance of the “bone industry” in Europe, in the beginnings of Upper Paleolithic. It also permits to suggest some hypotheses about the possible reasons behind this occurrence.
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Este trabajo de investigación presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre el utillaje óseo de los niveles B-C-D de Axlor (Dima, Bizkaia), que se corresponden con la parte superior de la secuencia Musteriense del yacimiento. El nivel B... more
Este trabajo de investigación presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre el utillaje óseo de los niveles B-C-D de Axlor (Dima, Bizkaia), que se corresponden con la parte superior de la secuencia Musteriense del yacimiento. El nivel B está datado en 42010±1280 BP por 14C (45670±1210 calibrado BP). Se trata de niveles del final del Musteriense, con evidencias arqueológicas que corresponden a las últimas sociedades neandertales europeas. Los útiles de hueso hallados en los estratos B-C-D son, en su mayor parte, retocadores en esquirlas diafisiárias de grandes ungulados. Este tipo de utillaje fue utilizado en las tareas de fabricación y reavivado de las herramientas de piedra. En menor número, aparece un tipo de útil que hemos denominado "alisador", a modo de hipótesis funcional. También se ha documentado, en el nivel C, una herramienta "doble", retocador y "cincel".
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The retouching bone tools are characteristic items from european middle Paleolithic assemblages, so are they related with stone knapping. They are present in many sites from France, central-east Europe, and also the Iberian Peninsula.... more
The retouching bone tools are characteristic items from european middle Paleolithic assemblages, so are they related with stone knapping. They are present in many sites from France, central-east Europe, and also the Iberian Peninsula. These tools have a wide chronological spawn, whose examples cover from the oldest european middle Palaeolithic, until the final stages of this period (c. 40.000 BP). The bone tools came from Middle Paleolithic sites, but also are present in recent prehistory ambients. An experimental approach is taken, that includes all the stages of bone processing: obtaining of the bone blanks (from fresh bones and/or old bones), using them, and discarding the tools. We got the archaeological reference of the retouching tools obtained in Axlor site’s modern excavations. This Mousterian site has levels with Quina-type side-scrappers and knapping techniques, and also other levels with really different kinds of stone tools. The site has provided an extensive assemblage of retouching bone tools. This paper describes the main lines of experimental program, and the results of the first phase, the one about blank obtaining.
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La industria en hueso del Paleolítico medio es una realidad compleja, que requiere de un enfoque distinto al aplicado hasta el momento, heredero de los estudios del Paleolítico superior. La existencia de esta clase de utillaje en hueso, a... more
La industria en hueso del Paleolítico medio es una realidad compleja, que requiere de un enfoque distinto al aplicado hasta el momento, heredero de los estudios del Paleolítico superior. La existencia de esta clase de utillaje en hueso, a menudo llamado “poco elaborado”, es una realidad constatada en numerosos yacimientos de Paleolítico medio. Debido a inercias investigadoras, dicho utillaje no ha recibido la atención debida, para comprender su dimensión económica y social, en las actividades cotidianas de los grupos neandertales. El yacimiento de Paleolítico medio de Axlor (Dima, Bizkaia) ha proporcionado un conjunto de útiles en hueso, en el marco de las excavaciones en curso. Este trabajo presenta el estudio de un útil óseo de doble función, hallado en el nivel C –Musteriense– de Axlor. Dicho útil se utilizó a modo de “cincel”, en tareas que implican movimientos de percusión y flexión, y –asimismo– como retocador, para trabajar la industria lítica. El análisis realizadocombina aspectos tafonómicos, morfométricos y traceológicos (huellas de uso), para ofrecer una visión tecnológica de la obtención y utilización del soporte. Se ha establecido un desarrollo diacrónico para los trabajos que fueron realizados con el útil (una esquirla alargada y plana de húmero de Bos/Bison). La utilización como “cincel” se interrumpe con la fractura del extremo proximal del soporte, y el uso como retocador es posterior.
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Se presentan cuatro fragmentos de hueso, de los niveles de Paleolítico Medio de la cueva de Axlor, con huellas de uso en tareas repetitivas. Esos trabajos provocaron la abrasión y pulido de las zonas activas, lo que ha permitido su... more
Se presentan cuatro fragmentos de hueso, de los niveles de Paleolítico Medio de la cueva de Axlor, con huellas de uso en tareas repetitivas. Esos trabajos provocaron la abrasión y pulido de las zonas activas, lo que ha permitido su identificación como utillaje. Los objetos se han denominado "alisadores", a modo de hipótesis funcional. La naturaleza precisa de las labores realizadas no puede concretarse, en este estadio de la investigación, haciéndose necesaria la elaboración de un programa experimental específico. Para situar los materiales en su contexto, se ofrece en primer lugar una breve síntesis de los trabajos realizados en el yacimiento Musteriense de Axlor.
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This paper analyzes the development of Middle Palaeolithic studies in Cantabria, from the first archaeological field work, until the present time. There is a criticism, related to the influence of different methodological and theoretical... more
This paper analyzes the development of Middle Palaeolithic studies in Cantabria, from the first archaeological field work, until the present time. There is a criticism, related to the influence of different methodological and theoretical traditions, and the archaeological praxis, on the interpretative models generated for the Cantabrian Mousterian. The sites and projects that are the main waypoints in the investigation are studied in detail. Those sites and studies are the foundations of Middle Palaeolithic interpretations for this region.
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The archaeological excavation of Arlanpe cave provides a limited set of bone industry and ornaments. In level D from the Back sector two bone remains with use-wear traces have been identified: one pointed bone flake, with indications of... more
The archaeological excavation of Arlanpe cave provides a limited set of bone industry and ornaments. In level D from the Back sector two bone remains with use-wear traces have been identified: one pointed bone flake, with indications of possible use, and a small diaphyseal fragment, with depressions and grooves. The bone tools from level II of the Entrance sector are characterized, despite its shortage, by its typological and functional diversity. Some of them seem to be related to the daily life (needle, spatula), while other are associated with hunting activities (assegais). Also, in that level several ornaments made in shell and mineral have been identified.
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Description of Axlor site and the results of its excavations.
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[EN] Although scientific dissemination programmes related to Archaeology seem prepared for all types of audiences, the reality is clearly different. Museums, archaeological parks, guided visits to archaeological sites usually have a... more
[EN] Although scientific dissemination programmes related to Archaeology seem prepared for all
types of audiences, the reality is clearly different. Museums, archaeological parks, guided visits to archaeological sites usually have a “captive” or faithful audience, such as children and young people from primary or high schools, and families with resources that usually participate in scientific events, such as Science Week or Museum’s Night. In this sense, other target groups are ignored by these programmes and even they are not considered in their design. Among them are included the elderly people, those who have some physical or intellectual disabilities, people in risk of social exclusion or newly immigrants without economic resources. In this paper, we present our experience with elderly people, some of whom are in a difficult economic situation due to the pension they receive or present physical and mental difficulties. This situation become even more critical when, being interested, they cannot afford the payment of a bus or they have difficulties to move alone. The model and methodology employed in our activities can be a reference for other research groups or educators who work or pretend to begin a scientific dissemination program with elderly people.
[ES] Aunque los programas de divulgación científica relacionados con la arqueología parecen preparados para todo tipo de públicos, la realidad es muy diferente. Los museos, los parques
arqueológicos, las visitas a yacimientos, suelen tener un público “cautivo” o fiel como son los niños y jóvenes de escuelas e institutos, y las familias con ciertos recursos que suelen participar en las Semanas de la Ciencia, la Noche de los Museos, etc. En este sentido, muchos otros colectivos quedan al margen de tales programas y ni siquiera se piensa en ellos a la hora de diseñarlos. Entre ellos estarían, por ejemplo, las personas de la Tercera Edad, las que tienen alguna discapacidad física e intelectual, las que por distintos motivos están en riesgo de exclusión social o los inmigrantes recién llegados que no tienen los mínimos recursos económicos. En el presente artículo queremos detenernos en nuestra experiencia con personas de la Tercera Edad, algunas de las cuales se encuentran en una situación económica complicada por la pensión que reciben o presentan ciertas dificultades físicas y psíquicas. Esta situación, evidentemente, se hace aún más crítica cuando, estando interesados, les es imposible costearse un autobús o tienen dificultades para trasladarse solos. El modelo y metodología empleada en las actividades que organizamos pueden servir de referencia para otros grupos de investigación o educadores que trabajan o pretenden iniciar un programa de divulgación científica con nuestros mayores.
types of audiences, the reality is clearly different. Museums, archaeological parks, guided visits to archaeological sites usually have a “captive” or faithful audience, such as children and young people from primary or high schools, and families with resources that usually participate in scientific events, such as Science Week or Museum’s Night. In this sense, other target groups are ignored by these programmes and even they are not considered in their design. Among them are included the elderly people, those who have some physical or intellectual disabilities, people in risk of social exclusion or newly immigrants without economic resources. In this paper, we present our experience with elderly people, some of whom are in a difficult economic situation due to the pension they receive or present physical and mental difficulties. This situation become even more critical when, being interested, they cannot afford the payment of a bus or they have difficulties to move alone. The model and methodology employed in our activities can be a reference for other research groups or educators who work or pretend to begin a scientific dissemination program with elderly people.
[ES] Aunque los programas de divulgación científica relacionados con la arqueología parecen preparados para todo tipo de públicos, la realidad es muy diferente. Los museos, los parques
arqueológicos, las visitas a yacimientos, suelen tener un público “cautivo” o fiel como son los niños y jóvenes de escuelas e institutos, y las familias con ciertos recursos que suelen participar en las Semanas de la Ciencia, la Noche de los Museos, etc. En este sentido, muchos otros colectivos quedan al margen de tales programas y ni siquiera se piensa en ellos a la hora de diseñarlos. Entre ellos estarían, por ejemplo, las personas de la Tercera Edad, las que tienen alguna discapacidad física e intelectual, las que por distintos motivos están en riesgo de exclusión social o los inmigrantes recién llegados que no tienen los mínimos recursos económicos. En el presente artículo queremos detenernos en nuestra experiencia con personas de la Tercera Edad, algunas de las cuales se encuentran en una situación económica complicada por la pensión que reciben o presentan ciertas dificultades físicas y psíquicas. Esta situación, evidentemente, se hace aún más crítica cuando, estando interesados, les es imposible costearse un autobús o tienen dificultades para trasladarse solos. El modelo y metodología empleada en las actividades que organizamos pueden servir de referencia para otros grupos de investigación o educadores que trabajan o pretenden iniciar un programa de divulgación científica con nuestros mayores.
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The Archaeology of Social Dynamics Group of the IMF-CSIC has among its objectives to explain the social dynamics of human groups in Prehistory, starting from the detailed study of the productive and reproductive processes. With this... more
The Archaeology of Social Dynamics Group of the IMF-CSIC has among its objectives to explain the social dynamics of human groups in Prehistory, starting from the detailed study of the productive and reproductive processes. With this perspective, a series of reference collections have been created, and these materials have contributed to significant advances in the archaeological questions of our research projects. Besides, these reference materials have become relevant collections in global terms for archaeological research, attracting specialists and researchers in training who have been using them for years through agreements and institutional cooperation. All the collections are in permanent formation, increasing their scope and updating both from a methodological perspective and the one that refers to the application of new technologies. RESUMEN El Grupo de Arqueología de las Dinámicas Sociales de la IMF-CSIC tiene entre sus objetivos ex-plicar la dinámica social de los grupos humanos en la Prehistoria, a partir del estudio detallado de los procesos productivos y reproductivos. Con esta perspectiva se ha creado una serie de colecciones de referencia, y esos materiales han contribuido a avances significativos en las problemáticas arqueológi-cas de nuestros proyectos de investigación. Además, los materiales de referencia se han convertido en colecciones relevantes en términos globales para la investigación arqueológica, atrayendo a especialistas e investigadores en formación que los han estado utilizando durante años (a través de acuerdos y cooperación institucional). Todas nuestras colecciones están en formación permanente, aumentando su alcance y actualizándose tanto desde la perspectiva metodológica como en cuanto a la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías.
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El CSIC disposa en l’actualitat de més de 15.000 treballadors (1.654 d’ells a Catalunya), dels quals més de 3.000 són investigadors en plantilla i altres tants doctors i científics en formació. A Catalunya el CSIC disposa de 23 centres,... more
El CSIC disposa en l’actualitat de més de 15.000 treballadors (1.654 d’ells a Catalunya), dels quals més de 3.000 són investigadors en plantilla i altres tants doctors i científics en formació. A Catalunya el CSIC disposa de 23 centres, propis i mixtos, on també participa a diferents fundacions, consorcis de recerca i parcs científics. La recerca arqueològica realitzada a Catalunya des del CSIC té una llarga història tot i que s’ha dut a terme amb una certa discontinuïtat.
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Entre el 9 y el 11 de Noviembre de 2015 se celebró el V Seminario de Tecnología Prehistórica de la Institución Milá y Fontanals (IMF-CSIC) en Barcelona. En esta ocasión la temática fue el de las “Técnicas 3d para análisis de funcionalidad... more
Entre el 9 y el 11 de Noviembre de 2015 se celebró el V Seminario de Tecnología Prehistórica de la Institución Milá y Fontanals (IMF-CSIC) en Barcelona. En esta ocasión la temática fue el de las “Técnicas 3d para análisis de funcionalidad y tecnología en Prehistoria”. El seminario estaba destinado a alumnas y alumnos con una formación inicial o media en estas temáticas, como forma de introducción a estos campos de aplicación. Además, tuvo un carácter también práctico con demostraciones de las diferentes técnicas de digitalización 3D que se presentaron en el encuentro. La lengua vehicular principal del seminario fue el inglés y se pudo contar con un nutrido alumnado de procedencia internacional.
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The beginnings of experimental archaeology in Spain did not appear till the second part of the twentieth century, as opposed to other countries where its appearance took place in the nineteenth century (Nilsson 1868; Evans 1897; Lubbock... more
The beginnings of experimental archaeology in Spain did not appear till the second part of the twentieth century, as opposed to other countries where its appearance took place in the nineteenth century (Nilsson 1868; Evans 1897; Lubbock 1878, 561, Sellers 1886; McGuire 1891; Cushing 1894). However, during the last couple of decades, experimental archaeology in Spain has been a successful methodology used mainly for research purposes. The influence of the French is clear, and the evolution of experiments in archaeology follows the same trends in both countries.
Today, there is a clear tendency to apply experimentation not only to technoeconomical aspects but to socio-cultural processes, one aspect that is lacking from earlier applications. The creation of educational and public engagement centres has grown in recent years in our country. A clear example could also be found in the representation of centres in EXARC members map (exarc.net).
Today, there is a clear tendency to apply experimentation not only to technoeconomical aspects but to socio-cultural processes, one aspect that is lacking from earlier applications. The creation of educational and public engagement centres has grown in recent years in our country. A clear example could also be found in the representation of centres in EXARC members map (exarc.net).
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Este segundo volumen, un libro de gran formato (279 x 216 mm) con 340 páginas y 380 ilustraciones, bajo la coordinación de Juan Francisco Gibaja (CSIC), Millán Mozota (CSIC), María Eulàlia Subirà (UAB), Araceli Martín (SAPGC), y Jordi... more
Este segundo volumen, un libro de gran formato (279 x 216 mm) con 340 páginas y 380 ilustraciones, bajo la coordinación de Juan Francisco Gibaja (CSIC), Millán Mozota (CSIC), María Eulàlia Subirà (UAB), Araceli Martín (SAPGC), y Jordi Roig (UPV/EHU), aborda las prácticas funerarias de los grupos de agricultores y pastores del Neolítico entre inicios del V y mediados del IV milenio a. de C. para los enterramientos de la Cova del Toll, el Pla del Riu de les Marcetes, la Plaça Major de Castellar del Vallès, Horts de Can Torras, el Camí de Can Grau, la Bòbila d’en Joca, la Cova dels Lladres, Ca n’Arnella, Can Roqueta/Can Revella, Can Marcet, Can Fatjó dels Aurons, la Bòbila del Ravalet, el Carrer del Pi y la sepultura de Plaça Gardunya. Os dejo el enlace de Amazon.com. Los museos, bibliotecas y centros de investigación que no puedan adquirir el libro directamente a través de Amazon, pueden solicitarlo a través de la página de contacto de nuestra página web o mediante correo electrónico a editarx@editarx.es
Para solicitar la obra os dejamos el siguiente enlace: https://www.amazon.com/Mirando-muerte-vol-funerarias-peninsular/dp/8494690256/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1528457480&sr=8-1&keywords=mirando+a+la+muerte+los+enterramientos
Para solicitar la obra os dejamos el siguiente enlace: https://www.amazon.com/Mirando-muerte-vol-funerarias-peninsular/dp/8494690256/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1528457480&sr=8-1&keywords=mirando+a+la+muerte+los+enterramientos
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Primer volumen de una obra que nace como resultado de cuatro años de investigación desarrollados bajo el proyecto «Aproximación a las primeras comunidades neolíticas del NE peninsular a través de sus prácticas funerarias» (HAR2011-23149),... more
Primer volumen de una obra que nace como resultado de cuatro años de investigación desarrollados bajo el proyecto «Aproximación a las primeras comunidades neolíticas del NE peninsular a través de sus prácticas funerarias» (HAR2011-23149), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Un amplio equipo, formado por 95 investigadores procedentes de diversas universidades, empresas privadas de arqueología y centros de investigación, abordan de manera conjunta las prácticas funerarias de los grupos de agricultores y pastores del Neolítico que habitaron el noreste de la península ibérica entre inicios del v y mediados del iv milenio a. de C. analizando el registro de 40 yacimientos y aportando abundante información inédita acompañado de una amplio número de ilustraciones (541 solo en el primer volumen). Así, el presente volumen, en el que participan 33 autores, arranca con los cuatro yacimientos estudiados para la provincia de Girona (Puig d’enRoca, Sant Julià de Ramis, Can Gelats y Cova de l’Avellaner) y recoge el gran núcleo formado por la Bòbila de Madurell-Can Gambús-Mas Duran en la provincia de Barcelona.
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Presentación de charla divulgativa. Peesentation for Science Dissemination talk. Nota bene Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o... more
Presentación de charla divulgativa.
Peesentation for Science Dissemination talk.
Nota bene
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso
Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o
quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone
ninguna declaración sobre esa cuestión.
Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. IP
and/or copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright
holder. This educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect.
Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo
about Fair Use.
Peesentation for Science Dissemination talk.
Nota bene
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso
Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o
quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone
ninguna declaración sobre esa cuestión.
Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. IP
and/or copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright
holder. This educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect.
Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo
about Fair Use.
Research Interests:
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone ninguna declaración sobre... more
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone ninguna declaración sobre esa cuestión. Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. IP and/or copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright holder. This educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect. Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo about Fair Use.
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La imagen de las mujeres en (los estudios de) la Prehistoria. Women as shown in the (studies about) Prehistory. Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada... more
La imagen de las mujeres en (los estudios de) la Prehistoria. Women as shown in the (studies about) Prehistory.
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone ninguna declaración sobre esa cuestión. Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. IP and/or copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright holder. This educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect. Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo about Fair Use.
Material educativo. Imágenes de múltiples autores incluidas como Uso Legítimo. La PI y/o copyright son propiedad de cada autor/a individual y/o quienes ostentan el copyright. Esta presentación educativa no supone ninguna declaración sobre esa cuestión. Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. IP and/or copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright holder. This educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect. Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo about Fair Use.
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These are the slides of a presentation made during the International workshop: Retouching the Paleolithic.
Research Interests: Experimental Archaeology, Palaeolithic Archaeology, Bone and Antler, Paleolithic Europe, Neanderthals (Palaeolithic Archaeology), and 12 moreBone Technology (Archaeology), Lower and Middle Paleolithic, Middle Palaeolithic, Neandertals, Middle Paleolithic, Neanderthals, Neanderthal, Neandertales, Bone Tools, Neanderthal subsistence, Bone retouchers, and Neandertal
These are the slides of a presentation made during the International workshop: Retouching the Paleolithic.
Research Interests: Bone and Antler, Paleolithic Europe, Neanderthals (Palaeolithic Archaeology), Mousterian, Lower and Middle Paleolithic, and 11 moreMiddle Palaeolithic, Neandertals, Middle Paleolithic, Neanderthals, Paleolithic Archaeology, Neanderthal, Neandertales, Bone Tools, Neanderthal subsistence, Bone tools and Use-wear Analisys, and Musteriense
Presentación utilizada en una charla en la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona para alumnos/as del Grado de Arqueología.
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On the origins of man (and woman!). Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo about Fair Use. IP and/copyright is property of each individual... more
On the origins of man (and woman!). Teaching material. Multiple author's images included under Fair Use. Check https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sobre_el_uso_legítimo about Fair Use. IP and/copyright is property of each individual author and/or copyright holder. This Fair Use, educational presentation makes no statement on this aspect.
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1st Conference on EARLY NEOLITHIC of EUROPE (Barcelona, 6-8 November, 2019) This conference aims to be a meeting of researchers studying the early Neolithic in Europe and surroundings areas, in relation with the neolithisation process in... more
1st Conference on EARLY NEOLITHIC of EUROPE (Barcelona, 6-8 November, 2019)
This conference aims to be a meeting of researchers studying the early Neolithic in Europe and surroundings areas, in relation with the neolithisation process in the continent.
This process followed different rhythms and presented singularities in each geographic area, and was therefore a very complex phenomenon.
In order to address this scientific challenge, the conference is organised in nine thematic sessions:
1. Neolithic spread and supraregional interactions;
2. Chronology and modelling;
3. Human–environment interaction;
4. Population characteristics and dynamics;
5. Territory and settlement;
6. Subsistence;
7. Technological processes;
8. Funerary practices;
9. Symbolism.
We positively welcome multidisciplinary approaches, regional syntheses and/or contextualised case studies.
This conference aims to be a meeting of researchers studying the early Neolithic in Europe and surroundings areas, in relation with the neolithisation process in the continent.
This process followed different rhythms and presented singularities in each geographic area, and was therefore a very complex phenomenon.
In order to address this scientific challenge, the conference is organised in nine thematic sessions:
1. Neolithic spread and supraregional interactions;
2. Chronology and modelling;
3. Human–environment interaction;
4. Population characteristics and dynamics;
5. Territory and settlement;
6. Subsistence;
7. Technological processes;
8. Funerary practices;
9. Symbolism.
We positively welcome multidisciplinary approaches, regional syntheses and/or contextualised case studies.
Research Interests:
Traditionally, the debate concerning the Neolithisation process has been focused on the study of both technical and cultural aspects, the origin and exploitation of domestic plants and animals as well as their chronological context.... more
Traditionally, the debate concerning the Neolithisation process has been focused on the study of both technical and cultural aspects, the origin and exploitation of domestic plants and animals as well as their chronological context. Although these aspects have still an important role within this debate, new topics and the application of brand-new techniques are contributing with relevant data in the last years. Among them, genetic and isotopic analyses, chronological and simulation models are some of the most relevant. These studies are reinforcing some hypothesis linked to the spread model, territorial patterns of these farming communities and the rhythm and chronology of the phenomena.
This session aims to encourage debate among researchers who focus their research on new studies and proposals related to the spread of the Neolithic, the tempo of the phenomena and the role of the hunter-gatherers communities in this process. Although this session is focused on the European region, it welcomes proposals from the origin and spread areas, such as the Near East or North of Africa.
This session aims to encourage debate among researchers who focus their research on new studies and proposals related to the spread of the Neolithic, the tempo of the phenomena and the role of the hunter-gatherers communities in this process. Although this session is focused on the European region, it welcomes proposals from the origin and spread areas, such as the Near East or North of Africa.